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过程工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 880-889.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219255

• 新中国成立70周年特邀 • 上一篇    下一篇

从商业化角度看锂-空气电池的发展

张沁茗1， 谢召军1*， 周 震1,2   

  1. 1. 南开大学材料科学与工程学院新能源材料化学研究所，天津 300350 
    2. 南开大学先进能源材料化学教育部重点实验室，天津 300350
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-23 修回日期:2019-08-30 出版日期:2019-10-22 发布日期:2019-10-22
  • 通讯作者: 谢召军 zjxie@nankai.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    天津市自然科学基金青年项目;南开大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目

Progress of lithium-air batteries from perspective of commercialization

Qinming ZHANG1, Zhaojun XIE1*, Zhen ZHOU1,2   

  1. 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of New Energy Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China 
    2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
  • Received:2019-07-23 Revised:2019-08-30 Online:2019-10-22 Published:2019-10-22

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摘要： 锂-空气电池的完全商业化，一直是该研究领域的目标。但实现该目标，必须考虑到各方面的问题，任何小的影响因素都应该尽量考虑在内。负极需要保护其不受水分、二氧化碳、电解液中反应中间物等物质的侵蚀，并抑制枝晶的产生。正极中高效的电极反应催化剂及能容纳放电产物的高比表面积结构是维持电池稳定循环的基本要求。合理的添加剂对电解液性能的提高也非常有必要。电池整体需考虑各种外部因素，如电池构造、尺寸放大等。目前有关锂?空气电池的研究已经取得了很多进展，但仍然缺少决定性突破。以商业化为最终目的，本综述从锂?氧气电池各组成部分切入，对近几年的研究进展进行总结，着重于电池体系整体的研究报道，对未来锂?空气电池的发展进行了展望。

关键词: 锂-空气电池, 锂-氧气电池, 锂负极, 催化剂, 电池体系

Abstract: The practical application of lithium?air batteries has been the common goal of researchers in this field. To achieve this goal, all aspects of the problem should be considered, which means that any small factors should be taken into account. For lithium anodes, comprehensive protection from side reactions is required. Specifically, substances such as moisture, carbon dioxide and reaction intermediates in the electrolyte should be isolated from anodes, and the generation of dendrites needs to be suppressed. For cathodes, there is essential requirement for stable cyclic performance of batteries, i.e., highly efficient electrocatalysts with large specific surface area, ensuring that the cathodes can accommodate the discharge products. At the same time, appropriate additives are also necessary for the electrolyte. When it comes to the battery as a whole system, it is necessary to consider various external factors, such as battery construction and the effect of size amplification on battery performance. So far, there has been significant development of lithium?air batteries, but it still lacks decisive breakthrough. With the ultimate aim of commercialization, this review started with the components of lithium-oxygen batteries, summarized the progress in recent years, focused on the reports of the entire battery system, and proposed prospect for the future development of commercialized lithium-air batteries.

Key words: lithium-air battery, lithium-oxygen battery, lithium anode, catalyst, battery system