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过程工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 989-995.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.217427

• 反应与分离 • 上一篇    下一篇

萃取法分离钒铬的竞争机制

孙 颖1,2， 宁朋歌2*， 曹宏斌1,2， 刘文昭2   

  1. 1. 天津大学化工学院，天津 300072 2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所环境技术与工程研究部绿色过程与工程重点实验室，北京市过程污染控制工程技术研究中心，北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-15 修回日期:2018-07-08 出版日期:2018-10-22 发布日期:2018-10-12
  • 通讯作者: 宁朋歌 pgning@ipe.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金;国家科技支撑计划

Competition mechanisms in separation of vanadium and chromium with extraction method

Ying SUN1,2, Pengge NING2*, Hongbin CAO1,2, Wenzhao LIU2   

  1. 1. School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
    2. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Key laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Division of Environment Technology and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2017-12-15 Revised:2018-07-08 Online:2018-10-22 Published:2018-10-12

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摘要： 采用伯胺萃取法分离钒铬，研究了不同Cr/V浓度比的钒铬溶液在一定初始pH值范围内的分离效果. 结果表明，伯胺萃取法分离钒铬具有很好的选择性，V(V)和Cr(IV)的萃取率均随溶液初始pH值降低而上升，相同加酸比[H+/V(Cr)摩尔比]下，钒铬混合溶液中V(V)萃取率高于其单金属溶液的萃取率，Cr(IV)萃取率低于其单金属溶液的萃取率，且萃取率随时间延长先上升后下降.

关键词: 钒, 铬, 萃取, 分离, 选择性

Abstract: In our country, a lot of chromium-bearing vanadium slag was produced in metallurgy and phosphorous chemical industries. The utilization of these resources to recover vanadium and chromium is not only a way to prepare high-value vanadium production, but also an efficient method to resolve the environmental pollution issue. For the best separation of vanadium(V) and chromium(IV), primary amine N1923 was used to extract V(V) selectively from V(V) and Cr(IV) aqueous solution with various concentrations ratios under different initial pH values. Besides, the interact between V(V) and Cr(IV) was investigated though comparing their extraction rate in complex solution and single solution respectively. The results indicated that their extraction rates both increased with the decrease of initial pH value in solution and primary amine N1923 created great selectivity on the separation of V(V) and Cr(IV). The higher Cr(IV) concentration was, the lower initial pH values was needed for the best separation efficiency. The extraction rate of V(V) in complex solution was higher than that in its single solution, but that of Cr(IV) was just on the contrary. Affected by V(V), the extraction rate of Cr(IV) in complex solution went up and then went down with time going. That was because Cr(IV) reach equilibrium pH value ahead of V(V) and part of Cr(IV) in organic phase could be reversed by V(V), where the competition mechanisms in separation of V(V) and Cr(IV) with extraction method was discussed that the combination abilities of the two metal with hydrogen ion and primary amine molecule were different. As a theory favour, the revelation of competition mechanisms in extraction makes great contribution to the separation of V(V) and Cr(IV), while this paper would guide the resourceful recovery of vanadium and chromium from waste slag in metallurgical industry and make great benefits in economy, environment and society.

Key words: vanadium, chromium, extraction, separation, selectivity