稀土La改性X分子筛催化异丁烷/丁烯烷基化反应

doi:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218123

过程工程学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (5): 996-1002.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218123

稀土La改性X分子筛催化异丁烷/丁烯烷基化反应

许家阔^1,2，杨志强²，李自航²，唐红果²，任保增¹，刘瑞霞^2*，李涛^1*

1. 郑州大学化工与能源学院，河南郑州 450001 2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所绿色过程与工程重点实验室，离子液体清洁过程北京市重点实验室，多相复杂系统国家重点实验室，北京 100190

收稿日期:2018-01-29 修回日期:2018-03-13 出版日期:2018-10-22 发布日期:2018-10-12
通讯作者: 刘瑞霞 rxliu@ipe.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然基金石油联合项目基金;中国科学院百人计划项目;国家自然科学基金

Isobutane/butene alkylation catalyzed by rare earth La modified X-zeolites

Jiakuo XU^1,2, Zhiqiang YANG², Zihang LI², Hongguo TANG², Baozeng REN¹, Ruixia LIU^2*, Tao LI^1*?

1. School of Chemical Engineering and Energy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
2. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

Received:2018-01-29 Revised:2018-03-13 Online:2018-10-22 Published:2018-10-12
Contact: Ruixia Liu rxliu@ipe.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用液相离子交换法，通过改变交换和焙烧次数制备了5种不同浓度稀土La改性的X分子筛催化剂，使用连续进料的固定床反应器评价其催化异丁烷/丁烯烷基化反应的性能，分析了分子筛物相结构的变化，考察了分子筛的酸性. 结果表明，催化剂制备过程对催化剂结构和性能影响显著，La3+改性后X分子筛结晶度下降，但酸度显著增强，随La3+交换次数增加，分子筛的B酸量增多，L酸量减少；5种催化剂中，焙烧前离子交换2次、焙烧后再交换3次、再焙烧所制催化剂催化性能最佳，丁烯的初始转化率为89.94%, C8收率可达66.71%，这归因于酸性增加加快了氢负离子转移，降低了碳正离子上发生重复烷基化的可能性，抑制了大分子生成. 反应温度和烯烃空速对反应影响显著，温度从80℃升至100℃，副反应裂解生成的C5?C7从9.64%增加到36.74%；丁烯进料空速从0.1 h?1降至0.05 h?1时，低聚生成的C9+从7.2%增至31%.

关键词: C4烷基化, 固体酸, 稀土改性, 分子筛, 酸催化

Abstract: Five kinds of rare earth La-modified X-zeolite catalysts were prepared by liquid-phase ion exchange procedures with different time of ion exchange and calcination. Their catalytic performance were tested in isobutane/butene with a continuously operation fixed bed reactor. The crystallographic structure of catalysts were characterized by XRD, and the acidity were examined by NH3-TPD and infrared spectroscopy for pyridine adsorbed (Py-IR). The results showed that the preparation process had significant effects on the structure and properties of the catalyst. The structure of zeolites did not change fundamentally after the introduction of lanthanum, but their crystallinity decreased significantly. The distribution of acid sites depend strongly on the lanthanum ion exchange procedures, especially the rehydration process of zeolite after the first calcined for ion exchange, which could significantly improve the strong B acid capacity of zeolite. The introduction of La3+ could increase the acidic sites of the zeolite, enhance the strong B acid, and reduce L acid of the catalyst. Among the five catalysts, catalytic performance of 2+3 when its ion exchange twice before calcination and thrice after calcinations occurred and it was calcinated again exhibited best, the initial conversion rate of butene was 89.94% and the yield of C8 products was 66.71%. This is because the enhancement of acidity due to the modification of La facilitate the hydrogen transfer, which is the determine step of alkylation, resulting in inhibiting the side reactions. The reaction temperature and feeding speed have strong effects on alkylation catalyzed over the La-modified X-zeolite. C5?C7 products increased from 9.64% to 36.74% when the reaction temperature was increased from 80℃ to 100℃. When the feed rate of butene was reduced from 0.1 h?1 to 0.05 h?1, the oligomeric generated C9+ products increased from 7.2% to 31%.

Key words: isobutane/butene alkylation, soild acid, rare earth modification, zeolites, acidic catalysis

许家阔杨志强李自航唐红果任保增刘瑞霞李涛. 稀土La改性X分子筛催化异丁烷/丁烯烷基化反应[J]. 过程工程学报, 2018, 18(5): 996-1002.

Jiakuo XU Zhiqiang YANG Zihang LI Hongguo TANG Baozeng REN Ruixia LIU Tao LI. Isobutane/butene alkylation catalyzed by rare earth La modified X-zeolites[J]. Chin. J. Process Eng., 2018, 18(5): 996-1002.

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稀土La改性X分子筛催化异丁烷/丁烯烷基化反应

Isobutane/butene alkylation catalyzed by rare earth La modified X-zeolites

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