纳米管表面和自润湿溶液相耦合的传热性能

doi:10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218131

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用阳极氧化法在光滑钛板表面制备了高度有序的纳米管表面，利用扫描电镜、原子力显微镜和全自动接触角测量仪表征了纳米管表面和光滑表面的形貌及表面特性，配制自润湿溶液并进行热物性测定，将不同的加热面(光滑表面和纳米管表面)与不同工质(蒸馏水和自润湿溶液)组合进行池沸腾实验，从不同角度对比了不同组合工况的传热效果，从微观和宏观两方面对纳米管表面和自润湿溶液耦合强化传热的机理进行了分析。结果表明，具有超亲水性和较大粗糙度的纳米管表面与自润湿性溶液耦合时，最大传热系数和临界热流密度较高，分别为11.963 kW/(m2?℃)和623.706 kW/m2，比光滑表面与蒸馏水的常规组合传热分别提高了84.1%和143.8%。纳米管表面和自润湿溶液对系统的最大传热系数和临界热流密度强化作用稍有不同，二者协调强化沸腾传热性能。纳米管表面具有更多的有效汽化核心、更大的粗糙度和更好的润湿性，结合自润湿溶液特殊的表面张力特性形成冷热液体微循环，促进冷热液体运动，及时进行二次润湿，大幅减小气泡脱离直径，提高其脱离频率，出现微气泡，增加了对系统的扰动，有效增强了传热性能，是提高系统最大传热系数和临界热流密度的主要原因。

关键词: 纳米管表面, 自润湿溶液, 池沸腾, 强化传热

Abstract: A highly ordered nanotubes-surface was prepared on the surface of smooth titanium plates by anodic oxidation. The morphologies and the characteristics of nanotubes-surface and smooth surface were characterized by SEM, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and automatic contact angle measuring instrument. The preparation of self-wetting solution and the corresponding thermophysical determination were realized. The heat transfer performances of different surfaces (smooth surface and nanotubes-surface) coupled to different working fluids (distilled water and self-wetting solution) were investigated by the pool boiling experiment, making the comparation and analysis from different angles for the heat transfer effect using the distinct combination of conditions. At the same time, the mechanism of heat transfer enhancement between the nanotubes-surface and the self-wetting solution had been analyzed in micro and macro. The results showed that when the nanotubes-surface with super hydrophilicity and greater roughness was coupled with the self-wetting solution, the maximum heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux can be as high as 11.963 kW/(m2?℃) and 623.706 kW/m2, respectively, which increased by 84.1% and 143.8% compared to the conventional smooth surface and distilled water coupling. The effects of the maximum heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux enhancement to the heat transfer systems were slightly different between the nanotubes-surface and self-wetting solution, showing characteristics in coordination and enhancement of the boiling heat transfer performance. The nanotubes-surface had more effective vaporization core and better wettability. Combined with the special surface tension characteristics of self-wetting solution, the cold and hot liquid microcirculation was formed, which would facilitate the movement of hot and cold liquids, the secondary wetting in time, the drastic reduction in bubble diameter and the increasement in departure frequency, microbubbles appeared, increased system disturbances, effectively enhanced heat transfer performance. It was the main mechanism to increase the system's maximum heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux density.

Key words: nanotubes-surface, self-wetting solution, pool boiling, enhancement heat transfer

司祥华胡柏松张少峰王德武余伟明. 纳米管表面和自润湿溶液相耦合的传热性能[J]. 过程工程学报, 2019, 19(1): 73-82.

Xianghua SI Baisong HU Shaofeng ZHANG Dewu WANG Weiming YU. Heat transfer characteristics of self-wetting solution and nanotube surface[J]. Chin. J. Process Eng., 2019, 19(1): 73-82.

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