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过程工程学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 434-439.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.218220

• 环境与能源 • 上一篇    下一篇

磷掺杂葵花盘基活性炭在锂离子电池负极材料中的应用

邢献军1,2,3,4*， 刘建华1,2， 王文泉1,2， 陈泽宇3， 付一轩3   

  1. 1. 合肥工业大学化学与化工学院，安徽 合肥 230009 2. 合肥工业大学先进能源技术与装备研究院，安徽 合肥 230009 3. 合肥工业大学汽车与交通工程学院，安徽 合肥 230009 4. 国家城市能源计量中心(安徽)，安徽 合肥 230051
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-04 修回日期:2018-08-17 出版日期:2019-04-22 发布日期:2019-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 邢献军 xxianjun@hfut.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省科技计划项目（2013AKKG0398）;安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目（1704a07020087）;北京市教育委员会市属高校创新能力提升计划项目（J2014QTXM0204）

Application of phosphorus-doped sunflower disk-based activated carbon in anode materials of lithium ion batteries

Xianjun XING1,2,3,4*, Jianhua LIU1,2, Wenquan WANG1,2, Zeyu CHEN3, Yixuan FU3   

  1. 1. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China 2. Institute of Advanced Energy Technology & Equipment, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China 3. School of Automobile and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China 4. National City Energy Measurement Center (Anhui), Hefei, Anhui 230051, China
  • Received:2018-06-04 Revised:2018-08-17 Online:2019-04-22 Published:2019-04-18
  • Contact: Xian-Jun XING xxianjun@hfut.edu.cn

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摘要： 通过简单水热和活化方法制备磷掺杂葵花盘基活性炭，采用SEM，TEM，BET，Raman，XRD等方法对材料进行表征，将其用作锂离子电池负极材料。结果表明，活性炭材料用作锂离子电池负极材料时比容量高，库伦效率好，循环性能稳定。在500 mA/g的电流密度下，首圈充电容量达1052 mAh/g，库伦效率为48.9%。经200次循环后，容量仍保持在1000 mAh/g以上。

关键词: 磷掺杂, 锂离子电池, 负极材料, 活性碳, 葵花盘

Abstract: Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) have progressively attracted researchers in recent years because of their environmental friendliness and adequate resources. In order to take full advantages of the active carbon in nature, the cheapest and most efficient negative electrode material for lithium ion battery is in great need. Because sunflower was fully-infected compositae, the sunflower disk had a more stable nanostructure than other biochars. Moreover, the sunflower dish is not only rich in nitrogen and oxygen element, but also widely distributed in the world. In this work, P-doped activation carbon composites were prepared to achieve excellent electrochemical performance in rechargeable LIBs. Phosphorus-injected biomass activated carbon was prepared with simple hydrothermal and calcine methods. The characteristics of activated carbon were then tested with field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectrometer, Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), etc. When these products were applied in lithium ion battery anode materials, the electrodes achieved high energy density and Coulombic efficiency, and cycling stability simultaneously. When the battery cycling at the current density of 500 mA/g, the elementary charge capacity reached to 1052 mAh/g, with the Coulombic efficiency of 48.9%. After 200 cycles, the capacity still maintained 1000 mAh/g or more. However, activated carbon capacity of the contrast sample without phosphoric acid activation can only be maintained at 300 mAh/g, which was similar to ordinary carbon materials. Hence, the preparation method of the P-doped biomass resulting in activated carbon was simpleness, and the raw material was low cost and environmentally friendly. Most importantly, the electrode potential of the material was low, and the discharge platform remained stable, which was of great research value in the lithium ion battery in a commercial application.

Key words: P-doped, Li-ion batteries, Negative electrode material, Activated carbon, Sunflower disk