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过程工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (10): 1218-1226.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219378

• 材料工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

致密超细球形氧化铝制备性能良好的陶瓷超滤膜

罗 盼1,2， 欧阳玉阁1,2， 丁 飞1， 范俊梅4*， 袁方利1,3*   

  1. 1. 中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室，北京 100190 2. 中国科学院大学化学工程学院，北京 100049 3. 中国科学院大学材料科学与光电子工程中心，北京 100049 4. 北华航天工业学院材料工程学院，河北 廊坊 065000
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-16 修回日期:2020-02-02 出版日期:2020-10-22 发布日期:2020-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 袁方利 flyuan@ipe.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    热等离子体强化反应及颗粒生长调控的基础问题研究;高频热等离子体氢强化还原制备纳米硅粉及在锂离子电池负极的应用研究;钢铁行业水污染全过程控制技术系统集成与综合应用示范

Preparation of ceramic ultrafiltration membrane with high performance from dense ultrafine spherical Al2O3 powders

Pan LUO1,2, Yuge OUYANG1,2, Fei DING1, Junmei FAN4*, Fangli YUAN1,3*   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3. Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 4. School of Materials Engineering, North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering, Langfang, Hebei 065000, China
  • Received:2019-12-16 Revised:2020-02-02 Online:2020-10-22 Published:2020-10-16
  • Contact: Fang-li YUAN flyuan@ipe.ac.cn

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摘要： 热等离子体制备的超细球形氧化铝具有表面致密光滑、分散性好等特点，本工作以超细球形氧化铝为原料，通过浸渍提拉烧结法，制备了孔径分布窄、渗透通量高的陶瓷超滤膜，研究了烧结温度对陶瓷膜微孔结构的演化、孔径分布和渗透通量的影响。随后对1250℃下烧结的陶瓷膜进行了纳米硅水分散液过滤处理，采用不同堵塞模型分析了陶瓷膜过滤纳米硅水分散液的膜污染过程。结果表明，通过调节烧结温度调控陶瓷膜的微孔结构，当烧结温度为1250℃时，陶瓷膜的孔径分布较窄，孔径大小为25?65 nm，渗透通量为986.4 L/(m2?h)。超细球形氧化铝粒径分布较窄及表面致密光滑有助于1250℃下烧结形成均匀的烧结颈，提供了陶瓷膜较窄的孔径分布。对1250℃下烧结的陶瓷膜进行了纳米硅水分散液过滤处理后其浊度下降为0.231 NTU，浊度去除率达99.96%。采用不同堵塞模型分析了陶瓷膜过滤纳米硅水分散液的膜污染过程，结果表明，纳米硅水分散液的堵塞模型是滤饼过滤，属于可逆污染。

关键词: 超滤膜, 微孔结构, 堵塞模型

Abstract: Ceramic membranes with the advantages of excellent thermal, chemical and higher permeable properties have attracted more attention and have been applied in turbidity removal, sanitary wastewater and other important industries. However, the ceramic membrane required “coating-drying-sintering” process, in which the process inevitably leads to cracks and wide pore size distribution. In this study, ceramic ultrafiltration membranes with narrow pore size distribution and high permeability were prepared by the dip?coating method using ultrafine spherical alumina powders with high density and smooth surface synthesized by thermal plasma. The microstructure evolution of prepared membranes could be controlled by adjusting the sintering temperature, and the ceramic membranes with a narrow pore size distribution of 25?65 nm and a high pure water permeability of 986.4 L/(m2?h) were sintered at 1250℃. The sintering mechanism of the ceramic membrane was fully investigated and it was found that the narrow pore size distribution of membranes came from the spherical Al2O3 powders with the narrow particle size distribution and high density synthesized by thermal plasma, and the homogeneous sintering necks formed at 1250℃. The result indicated that the pure water flux of the membranes decreased as the sintering temperature increased. It can be explained that the surface of ceramic membranes became denser with the increase of the sintering temperature, resulting in the decrease in porosity and the average pore size. In addition, the prepared membranes were employed to filter the nano-silicon dispersion slurry to evaluate the performance of the membranes sintered under different temperatures. The result indicated that the membrane sintered at 1250℃ showed a higher removal rate of turbidity (99.96%), and the turbidity of the permeate was 0.231 NTU. Finally, the reduction of the permeate flux of the nano-silicon dispersion slurry were analyzed using pore blocking models, and it was found that the cake filtration model was suitable to the prepared membranes.

Key words: ultrafiltration membranes, microstructure, pore blocking models