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过程工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 237-244.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219173

• 环境与能源 • 上一篇    

基于金属氢化物固态氢源的氢燃料电池动力系统特性的研究

闫红丽1， 陆佐伟1， 敬志良1， 吴 震2*   

  1. 1. 西安交通大学城市学院机械工程系，陕西 西安 710018 2. 西安交通大学化学工程与技术学院，陕西 西安 710049
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-22 修回日期:2019-05-22 出版日期:2020-02-22 发布日期:2020-02-19
  • 通讯作者: 吴震 wuz2015@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基金

Study on characteristics of hydrogen fuel cell power generation system using metal hydride as solid-state hydrogen source

Hongli YAN1, Zuowei LU1, Zhiliang JING1, Zhen WU2*   

  1. 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, City College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710018, China 2. School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
  • Received:2019-03-22 Revised:2019-05-22 Online:2020-02-22 Published:2020-02-19

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摘要： 以基于金属氢化物的固态储氢技术，与质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)耦合，搭建了基于金属氢化物固态氢源的氢燃料电池动力系统试验台，测试了吸氢压力、放氢温度、氢流量等关键操作参数对氢燃料电池动力系统性能的影响。结果表明，当吸氢压力大于等于0.60 MPa时，固态储氢反应器放氢流量稳定的时间最长可达4500 s以上。当放氢温度大于60℃时，储氢反应器能完全释放氢气，且放氢时间基本相同。放氢流量越小，氢燃料电池动力系统稳定工作的时间越长。

关键词: 燃料电池, 储氢, 动力系统, 耦合特性

Abstract: The hydrogen fuel cell technology has been increasingly developed in recent years due to its advantages of clean utilization, high efficiency and free-pollution. Thus, hydrogen fuel cell technology is regarded as one of the most promising power generation systems in the future. In the practical applications of hydrogen fuel cell technology, an efficient, safe and economical hydrogen storage method is remarkably crucial for promoting large-scale utilization of hydrogen fuel cell technology. Among all the hydrogen storage methods, the solid-state hydrogen storage method has been extensively reported to be the promising candidate for hydrogen storage due to its advantages of high hydrogen storage capacity, good hydrogen absorption/desorption reversibility, moderate hydrogen absorption/desorption plateau pressure, low price and good safety. Metal hydride, as the well-known hydrogen storage material, has been successfully applied in the fields of heat pump, hydrogen compression and polygeneration. In this work, the solid-state hydrogen storage reactor based on metal hydride was designed and integrated with the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) to form a highly efficient and high volumetric density power generation system. Specifically, an experimental platform of the fuel cell power system with a nominal output power of 20 W was developed and used to investigate the effects of various key operating parameters including hydrogen absorption pressure, dehydriding temperature and the hydrogen flow rate after dehydriding on the hydrogen fuel cell system?s output. The results showed that a stable hydrogen flow rate after dehydriding could be maintained for up to 4500 s when the hydrogen absorption pressure was at least 0.60 MPa. Moreover, a higher hydrogen flow rate resulted in higher power generation from the fuel cell power generation system. When the dehydriding temperature was more than 60℃, the metal hydride hydrogen storage reactor enabled a complete release of the stored hydrogen. However, further increased in the dehydriding temperature had little contributions to facilitating the dehydriding reaction. In addition, lower hydrogen flow rates which were still over the required flow input into the PEMFC resulted in longer working time of the fuel cell power generation system.

Key words: fuel cell, hydrogen storage, power generation systems, coupling properties