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过程工程学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (8): 877-886.DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.219336

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

钪资源现状及溶剂萃取在钪提取过程中的应用研究进展

孙 帅1,2,3， 孙宏骞2,3， 宋 静2,3*， 曲景奎2,3， 齐 涛2,3*   

  1. 1. 中国科学院大学化工学院，北京 100049 2. 中国科学院过程工程研究所绿色过程与工程重点实验室，北京 100190 3. 中国科学院过程工程研究所湿法冶金清洁生产技术国家工程实验室，北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-30 修回日期:2019-12-09 出版日期:2020-08-24 发布日期:2020-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 宋静 jsong@ipe.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中科院重点部署项目;中科院前沿科学重点研究项目;国家自然科学青年基金

Current status of scandium resources and application research progress of solvent extraction in the process of scandium extraction

Shuai SUN1,2,3, Hongqian SUN2,3, Jing SONG2,3*, Jingkui QU2,3, Tao QI2,3*   

  1. 1. School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 2. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 3. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2019-10-30 Revised:2019-12-09 Online:2020-08-24 Published:2020-08-24
  • Contact: Jing SONG jsong@ipe.ac.cn

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摘要： 钪及其化合物性质优异，在宇航材料、电子信息、核技术等尖端行业应用广泛，是重要的战略性资源。钪在地壳中的分布极为分散，独立的钪矿物很少，属于稀贵稀土元素。本工作介绍了目前全球钪资源分布情况及市场供需状况，重点综述了从不同含钪物料及二次渣中提取钪的技术研究，着重关注溶剂萃取在提取钪工艺中的应用，并分析了不同萃取体系的萃钪机制，认为反萃率低、乳化和三相问题突出是当前提钪体系普遍存在的难点，因此需要不断开发新型高效萃取剂，发展清洁绿色提取技术，更好地推进我国钪工业的发展。

关键词: 钪资源, 湿法冶金, 提取工艺

Abstract: As one of rare and precious rare earth elements, scandium is extremely dispersed in the crust and often associated with other minerals. With excellent properties of scandium and its compounds, scandium is widely used in aerospace materials, electronic information, nuclear technology and other industries. It is mainly used in aluminum?scandium alloy material, solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), scandium sodium halogen (HID) lamp, ultralight shape memory magnesium?scandium alloy and fast storage. The technology of scandium recovery is complicated and the cost is high. Scandium is abundant in China, which accounts for 1/3 of the world. The research of scandium extraction and deep processing in China is still weak, and there is a big gap with the world advanced level. This work summarized the resource distribution, supply and demand of scandium, and introduced the technologies and examples of scandium extraction from different scandium containing materials, such as titanium dioxide waste acid, red mud, zirconium smelting materials, tungsten slag, focused on the application of solvent extraction in extracting scandium process, and analyzed the different extraction system of extraction mechanism of scandium, found that low extraction rate, emulsification and three phase problems were the common difficulties of scandium system. In addition, it was proposed that China should lead the designated product standards, focus on the study of methods to improve the recovery of scandium, improve the comprehensive extraction of scandium and symbiotic elements, and constantly develop green extraction technology.

Key words: scandium resource, hydrometallurgy, extraction process