关键词: 单组元推进, 固定床, 传递, 催化分解, 催化燃烧反应工程

Abstract: In 1960s, after the hydrazine based chemical monopropellant was developed, the liquid monopropellant technology has been widely applied in controlling the trajectory of satellite, adjusting the attitude of rocket and the emergency power supply. It is critical for chemical monopropellant to catalytically decompose the high energy liquid chemical propellant in the packed bed of particles. However, up to now, the kind of propellant technology had still been developed by performing a great deal of experiments under the direction of theoretical basement of thermal energy and air dynamics engineering and without considering from the viewpoint of chemical reaction engineering. In this work, from the viewpoint of chemical reaction engineering, the chemical engineering thermodynamics, the catalytic reaction kinetics, the diffusion-reaction in a single catalyst particle, the flow-reaction in the pore of porous catalyst, the flow-transport phenomena-reaction in the macroscopic porous media of packed bed and the meso-scale complicated geometry structure formed by the catalyst particles randomly stacking to be used in designing the component of propellant, optimizing the catalyst structure and the decomposition packed bed of monopropellant thruster were discussed. The review provides the fundamental theory of catalytic reaction engineering for designing, which is hoped as the theoretical direction for designing the propellant component, synthesizing the catalyst structure and the decomposition packed bed in developing the new green chemical monopropellant technology.

Key words: Monopropellant, Packed Bed, Transport Phenomena, Catalytical Decomposition, Chemical Reaction Engineering